Hydraulic Design of Side Weirs

Hydraulic Design of Side Weirs Side weirs are hydraulic structures used to divert flow in irrigation and drainage systems. Piano key side weirs have been studied since 2017. These weirs have considerable discharge coefficients compared with the classic rectangular side weir within the limited width of the side channel. A weir is a hydraulic structure used to pass excess water and floods from upstream to downstream of dams. Side weirs are among the types of hydraulic structures constructed for various purposes in water conveyance systems. This weir is constructed at a height lower than the height of the channel wall, and when the water level rises, this weir regulates the discharge and controls the water level in the main channel. A dam reservoir can hold a certain capacity or amount of water. If the reservoir is currently full but floodwaters enter it, the water level rises and this can lead to excessive overtopping of the dam. To prevent this, weirs have been constructed, as they allow a portion of the inflow to the dam to be released in order to create space for new water. When a reservoir is full, its water level equals the height of the dam weir. As soon as excess water enters the reservoir, water immediately begins to exit through the weir. Dam weirs can be controlled or uncontrolled, and they perform differently depending on their type. Controlled weirs are equipped with gates that can be raised or lowered. Uncontrolled weirs do not have these gates. Regardless of the specific type of weir used, they generally consist of a control structure for retaining water, a conveyance channel for passing water, and a terminal structure. Dam weirs are classified into various types based on the arrangement of the control structure, the conveyance channel, and the terminal structure. This book is about the design of weirs in English.